The Sixth Scientific Conference On TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER FOR DEVELOPMENT, Khartoum, 8-10 April 2003: Establishing Basic Levels of Technology Transfer for :Sudan Documentation and Library Services:Challenges and Opportunities /By: Rafaa Ashamallah Ghobrial: 4. SUDANESE LIBRARIES CHALLENGES AND APPORTUNITIES: 4-1 Power Sources

The Sixth Scientific Conference On TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER FOR DEVELOPMENT, Khartoum, 8-10 April 2003: Establishing Basic Levels of Technology Transfer for :Sudan Documentation and Library Services:Challenges and Opportunities /By: Rafaa Ashamallah Ghobrial

The Sixth Scientific Conference On TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER FOR DEVELOPMENT, Khartoum, 8-10 April 2003: Establishing Basic Levels of Technology Transfer for :Sudan Documentation and Library Services:Challenges and Opportunities /By: Rafaa Ashamallah Ghobrial

ABSTRACT:

2. IT, ICTS AND TT CONCEPTS

3. SUDANESE LIBRARIIES AND INFORMATION INSTITUTIONS:

4. SUDANESE LIBRARIES CHALLENGES AND APPORTUNITIES

4-1 Power Sources

4-2. Information Technology:

4-3. Automated information services:

4-4. Sustenance of electronic Publishing:

4-5. Information networks and Internet Connectivity Projected Sudan to the World:

5.PROSPECTS FOR MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES MANAGEMENT OF DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION IN SUDAN

5-1. Improved Economy of Sudan

5-2. Improved Information and Communication Infrastructure

5-2-1 Telecommunications

5-2-1-1 Mobile cellular networks:

5-2-2 Informatics:

5-3. Progress in IT Application in Sudan:

6.MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT:

7. CONCLUSION:

8. REFERENCES:

4-1 Power Sources

4-1 Power Sources

are basic requirement at even initial level of technology transfer in information institutions. Basic electricity is necessary to provide power for IT infrastructure. There are various ways to generate a stable source of Stability. Sudan has currently installed electric generation capacity of 500 megawatts (MW). Of this, around 60% is accounted for by thermal (mainly oil) and 40% by hydropower. Hydroelectric power generation varies greatly over time, however, according to rainfall patterns. Sudan's total electricity generation was 1.760 billion kilowatt hours (kwh) in 1999. Also Sudan has plans to add additional generating capacity. This is considered, as popular and cheapest source, in addition, solar and diesel energy are more reliable for rural areas of some parts of Sudan and to run mobile libraries. Both sources are graceful in powering IT system in case of power failure and scheduled programs of distribution of electricity. So distribution and reliability are other factors are to be considered. Typically to improve these factors, IT infrastructure was equipped with UPS (uninterruptible power supply) which provides protection against power and line noise which could be harmful to sensitive electric and mechanic part of the system. It is also used in powering the IT system from batteries.